Screening |
Who needs it |
How often |
Alcohol misuse |
All adults |
At routine exams |
Blood pressure |
All adults |
Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure recommends the following screening schedules:
Every 2 years if blood pressure reading < 120/80 mm Hg, or Yearly if systolic blood pressure reading of 120 to 139 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure reading of 80 to 89 mm Hg |
Breast cancer |
All women* |
Yearly mammogram and clinical breast exam* |
Cervical cancer |
All women, except those who had a hysterectomy (with removal of the cervix) for reasons not related to cervical cancer and no history of cervical cancer or serious precancer |
Women between the ages of 30 and 65 should have a Pap test plus an HPV test (called "co-testing") every 5 years. This is the preferred approach, but it is also acceptable to continue to have Pap tests alone every 3 years. |
Chlamydia |
Women at increased risk for infection |
At routine exams if at risk |
Depression |
All adults in clinical practices that have staff and systems in place to assure accurate diagnosis, effective treatment, and follow-up |
At routine exams |
Diabetes mellitus, type 2 |
Adults who have no symptoms and have sustained blood pressure (either treated or untreated) greater than 135/80 mm Hg |
At least every 3 years |
Gonorrhea |
Sexually active women at increased risk for infection |
At routine exams if at risk |
HIV |
Anyone at increased risk for infection |
At routine checkups |
Lipid disorders |
All women age 45 and older at increased risk for coronary artery disease For women ages 19 to 44, screening should be based on risk factors1; discuss with your health care provider |
At least every 5 years |
Obesity |
All adults |
At routine checkups |
Syphilis |
Women at increased risk for infection |
At routine exams if at risk |
Tuberculosis |
Anyone at increased risk for infection |
Check with your health care provider |
Vision |
All adults2 |
Baseline comprehensive exam at age 40; if you have a chronic disease, check with your health care provider for exam frequency |
Counseling |
Who needs it |
How often |
Breast cancer, chemoprevention |
Women at high risk |
When risk is identified |
BRCA mutation testing for breast and ovarian cancer susceptibility |
Women with increased risk |
When risk is identified |
Diet, behavioral counseling |
Adults with hyperlipidemia and other known risk factors for cardiovascular and diet-related chronic disease |
When diagnosed |
Tobacco use and tobacco-related disease |
All adults |
Every visit |
Immunization |
Who needs it |
How often |
Tetanus/diphtheria/pertussis (Td/Tdap) booster |
All adults |
Td: every 10 years 破伤风白喉百日咳混合疫苗:substitute a one-time dose of Tdap for a Td booster after age 18, then boost with Td every 10 years |
Chickenpox (varicella) |
All adults ages 19 to 49 who have no documentation of previous infection or vaccinations |
Two doses; the second dose should be given at least 4 weeks after the first dose |
Measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) |
All adults ages 19 to 49 who have no documentation of previous infection or vaccinations |
One or two doses |
Flu vaccine (seasonal) |
All adults |
Yearly |
Hepatitis A vaccine |
People at risk3 |
Two doses given 6 months apart |
Hepatitis B vaccine |
People at risk4 |
Three doses; the second dose should be given 1 month after the first dose; the third dose should be given at least 2 months after the second dose (and at least 4 months after the first dose) |
Meningococcal |
People at risk** |
One or more doses |
Pneumococcal (polysaccharide) |
People at risk5 |
One or two doses |